Exxon Made a $10 Billion Resource Grab Before Oil’s Rise
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Esso Standard Oil Co. Mobil Shipping and Transportation Co. Throughout its history, this company has owned one of the largest tanker does exxon buy oil in the world.
It was founded in as the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, which was later the most important of the components into which John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust was broken in The name Exxon was adopted in Both used the Exxon House Flag. From to present, the does exxon buy oil is SeaRiver Maritime, Inc. The earliest flag I have found for this company was simply white with a blue "S. Wedge Joe McMillan9 October The simple answer to this one appears to be that Wedge made a mistake in Brown's Flags and Funnelsrepeatedin reversing the flag colours.
In Brown it is corrected to show blue with a white "S", i. Browns show it under the names of Standard Oil Co. Neale Rosanoski6 November The Standard Shipping Company was created as a separate subsidiary in but reabsorbed into the parent company in as the Marine Department of Standard Oil of NJ. The flag shown in National Geographic is white with a red design of a circle and stripes in red with the name "Standard" superimposed.
Joe McMillan9 October However this appears to be a rather sweeping does exxon buy oil being in line with the basic design but not with the colouring of the resultant Stanvac flags. The reabsorption back into Standard Oil Co. Unfortunately he does not show a flag but does give the funnel markings as being those of the old Standard Shipping Co.
This may therefore properly be a flag of SoCal. As ofEsso had 61 tankers under U. Talbot-Booth appears to have got confused with the connection between the various split offs of the old Standard Oil Trust in not surprising seeing that there were 34 in the initial spin off according to the Exxon site and going by the reference he makes in his Merchant Ships the quote is "controlled by the Standard Oil Co.
Certainly Standard Oil of California are not connected by any other source that I does exxon buy oil seen. It is actually the flag of Standard Oil Co. However Talbot-Booth may be partly correct in alleging that it was adopted in as it could have been readopted. I would imagine that the flag of Standard Shipping Co. The Esso Shipping Company constituted as separate entity in ; reabsorbed by the parent company in Esso changed its name to Exxon Corporation in ; the shipping arm was designated Exxon Shipping in the late s.
As far as I can determine, all of the tankers in the Exxon fleet as opposed does exxon buy oil those still under the Mobil flag are under flags of convenience. StewartUS Navy's H. Esso was used as the does exxon buy oil name from pre-WW2 and with its world wide associations the adoption as a name for its international shipping company network is not surprising does exxon buy oil of course the problem of oil spillages caused oil companies to look for anonymity.
The flag appears to date from the post-WW2 formation of the Esso Group and I cannot find any source which shows it under the Standard Oil name. However this comment may only apply to the USA operations as the logo is given for the funnels of vessels of Standard Transportation Co. The parent does exxon buy oil appear to have retained the Standard Oil Co.
Some of the American shipping subsidiaries also then retained the Esso name e. Most of the international companies used this flag as well and continued to do so. The other half of the ExxonMobil combine, the former Mobil Corporation and its predecessors, plus an earlier joint venture between Standard of NJ and Standard of NY, foreshadowed Exxon by about half a century or so.
The first house flag was plain blue with a white "S" Lloyds shows the "S" with serifs, later sources without; Talbot-Booth labels this flag "Standard Shipping Co. Lloyd'sTalbot-Boothwww. Sources vary with their portrayal of the "S". Apparently its shipping activities went through Standard Transportation Co.
Talbot-Booth's confusion with the Standard Group appears to be in action here as by he refers to this company in does exxon buy oil of the Socony activities whilst the noted reference, Standard Shipping Co.
According to Loughran the flag continued in use until The Pegasus trademark came to the company from Vacuum Oil, which merged with Socony in Inwhen this flag was in use, Socony-Vacuum had 20 tankers in service under the US flag for a total ofgross tons, plus another ten ships and 61, gross tons under the UK flag.
Joe McMillan11 October I recall Mobil does exxon buy oil a renaming of the Does exxon buy oil Oil company perhaps in the s? Kirsch19 October In the name was changed to Socony Mobil Oil Co. Talbot-Booth shows the flag as shown but other sources show a tapered swallowtail. According to the Exxon website the Pegasus actually comes from the days of the Standard Oil Trust having originated in the late 19th century when used by several members of the Standard Oil Trust.
Inafter the breakup of the Trust, Vacuum Oil Co. The flag shown here may have been a shore flag for service stations etc as opposed to the tapered version for does exxon buy oil sea where it is first recorded as being used by the "Shabonee" Despite the name change the flag did not change until It also added a stylized wing-like device under the Pegasus in the flag. US Navy's H. Pegasus came into use for the Standard Oil Trust in the s and has been "redesigned" several times.
Pegasus has been redesigned several times over the years, going from a white outline to the more familiar all-red version. Timeline Phil Nelson19 October I have a photo of an actual flag which shows a shallow fork. The does exxon buy oil under the Pegasus has been given as a heavily stylized "V" and the last reminder of the Vacuum Oil Co. From a postcard collection: Socony Mobil Oil Co.
Postcard 11, 2nd row, 2nd flag of the collection reads "Socony Mobile Oil Co. A scan from the said postcard collection shows that the top blue band is in fact straight and not curved with the apparent curve resulting from the portrayal of the flag images as slightly flapping so that the "inner" curve is matched by the "outer" curve.
The straightening of the upper band then makes it more in line, apart from not being a swallowtail, with Joe's image above this one. Going by the funnel colours shown on the postcard it is the livery which Loughran does exxon buy oil as applying but both he and US Navy show the flag as swallowtailed. I enclose a scan of does exxon buy oil actual flag which shows that the tail was very shallow and could does exxon buy oil mistaken if working from an actual flying flag.
I found it interesting that the postcard collection labeled it "Socony Mobile Oil Co. Neale Rosanoski6 Does exxon buy oil The name was eventually changed to Mobil Corporation. Subsequent sources though show the Pegasus once again facing to hoist. It was established in and somehow seems to have survived World War II.
The flag followed the basic pattern of Standard of New Jersey flags of the time, the name flanked by bars above and below, all superimposed on a circle. According to the Exxon website this venture lasted until although the company still appeared in Lloyds after this e.
For both these flags sources actually show a normal circular ring effect rather than the elongated version shown here. Loughran appears to have his information does exxon buy oil reverse for the 2 flags as he states that the 2nd came first with the other coming into use by the s. The first version is therefore the likely one meant for his comment "that there were reports does exxon buy oil the inter-war years for use by Standard-Vacuum Transportation Co.
However Brown and Loughran both show the horizontal lines on this flag as being red with Brown changing to blue as shown here. Our pages on the shipping flags of oil companies for the Does exxon buy oil has some information on the flags of the companies that emerged from the Standard Oil Company, established in by John D.
Rockefeller and Henry Flagler. The break-up of the Trust in resulted in the company being divided into 34 parts, of which five were later liquidated. Many of the remaining parts have been significant in the oil industry and the flags of the companies and their predecessors are shown in various locations at FOTW.
This simple piece attempts to put together the relationships that developed since the break-up and particularly in the field in the last 10 years.
Texaco would later purchase does exxon buy oil interest in these companies and in Caltex Oil Co was formed as a joint venture between Socal and Texaco. Texaco was acquired in does exxon buy oil merger in It first began using its trademark Texaco in The s saw it purchase Monterey Resources, a California gas and oil company and founded a joint venture with Norsk Hydro to create Hydro Texaco, a marketing arm in Scandinavia.
It engaged in a variety of joint ventures in in the mid-east. Both Exxon and Mobil go back to Standard Oil. Mobil can date its origin to the formation of the Vacuum Oil Company and Standard Oil of New York, predating the dissolution of the trust. It participated in joint ventures with in the mid-east, including Aramco and Iranian Oil Participants Ltd.
In it purchased Superior Oil and would merge with Exxon in In Humble Oil Does exxon buy oil was formed and in Standard Jersey became does exxon buy oil majority partner, purchasing the balance of the company in With Socony-Vacuum it established Stanvac to control common interests in the mid-east.
In it began to market under does exxon buy oil name Esso. Inthe name was changed to Exxon. The company is presently a part of British Petroleum circa
